Saturday, March 5, 2011

Most Influential B-schools on Twitter

After my Google B-school Ranking, I realized there are other quantitative ways of looking at business school rankings using the Internet. I joined Twitter recently, so I naturally wanted to see how popular I am. The results of doing the same ranking for b-school influence surprised me.

Klout is the gold standard Twitter ranking system that looks at 25 variables in three categories (size of the engaged audience, audience influence level, whether content spurs action) and boils them down into a single Klout score. It also provides a classification for the style of influence that is similar to a personality test, but also like a Gartner Magic Quadrant (upper left means casually sharing a lot, lower right means creating a lot to a focused audience, upper right is Celebrity: both creating and sharing to a broad audience).

Without further ado, the results: (rankings/classifications as of March 5, scores change daily)

Rank School Score Classification
1 Wharton Thought Leader
2 Kellogg Specialist
3 HBS Specialist
3 IESE Specialist
5 Stanford GSB Specialist
5 Berkeley/Haas Specialist
7 Columbia GSB Thought Leader
8 MIT/Sloan Explorer
9 Fuqua Specialist
9 LBS Explorer
11 Darden Specialist
12 Tuck Feeder
13 Chicago Booth Explorer
14 INSEAD Explorer
15 Stern Not on Klout
One special mention...
Harvard Business Review Taste Maker


Wharton is on top and stands out as one of two "Thought Leaders" on the b-school list. The "Thought Leader" classification is in the upper-right quadrant of the Classification, meaning that it has a broad audience, it participates, it is consistent, and gives opinion on content. If Wharton's influence is broad rather than specialized, it's interesting that it doesn't fall into "Taste Marker" (more thought leadership) or "Pundit" (more opinionated) categories.

Kellogg beats out Harvard Business School for the #2 spot, bringing a smile to my purple-painted face. Kellogg, along with the other schools with Klout >50, is classified as a Specialist. Specialists have a more focused audience than the "Thought Leader", and it is more consistent of a tweeter. At the same time, Specialists are more "listeners" than "participators", which puts them in the lower-right quadrant, but their opinions are "second to none." This makes sense for business schools to be focused on the specific topic of business.

It's also interesting to see IESE (#3-t) beat its European rivals LBS (#9) and INSEAD (#14) so handily. While IESE's audience is smaller than LBS', Klout scores show that its tweets are acted upon more frequently and by a more influential network than both. If you've got many interesting things to say, on the Internet it doesn't matter who says it.

Klout's lower-left classification of "Explorer" is a nice way of saying "try harder" to Sloan, LBS, Darden, and INSEAD. It's also surprising to see Chicago Booth down in that quadrant. (My twitter falls into this category too.) Is it just my imagination, or do these schools seem to have a less sociable reputation that is reflected in their influence?

Tuck stands out as the only "Feeder" (upper left quadrant), meaning that they aren't creating new content but instead passing along interesting content to an interested (but not diverse) audience. My suggestion to Tuck marketing folks: post more groundbreaking research on business topics.

Stern, your marketing team should really be using the freely available tools to set quantitative goals.

Probably the most shameful ranking is that of INSEAD. It has a large number of followers and it is influenced by HarvardBiz, but it is still just an "Explorer" at the bottom of the ranking. Apparently, its tweets are not that interesting, nor is its audience highly influential online.

Klout analyses the "Influencer of" and "Influenced by" elements and there are some interesting data points there:
  • Stanford shows a strong news relationship because it is influenced by The Huffington Post and Breaking News, and it influences AP and The Economist Business Education.
  • Haas is influenced by relatively low Kout scorers (<40), whereas most schools have influencers of Klout >80. This could be an indicator of a less Klout-y network, but also of different thinking.
  • Sloan's influencers are, frankly, boring: Barack Obama, TechCrunch, Mashable, NY Times, and Twitter -- twitter users that have huge, broad followings. But it is reassuring to see the technology streak of MIT reflected there.
  • Darden and Columbia are influencers of each other, which I can't explain. Perhaps the east-coast connection? Perhaps due to Columbia's "Thought Leader" category?
And to wrap it up, Harvard Business Review stands head-and-shoulders above any of the individual business schools. Not surprising, considering that publications are much more audience-oriented and are all about content. However, I would have expected HBR to be a "Pundit" (more opinionated) rather than a "Taste Maker" (more thought-leadership)

Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Apple shoots their other foot

I argued with a few b-schoolers earlier this year that Apple's "closed" strategy is just as folly now as it was decades ago when the "open" IBM/PC compatible approach beat the Apple closed approach. Apple iOS faces the same challenge now with Android's "open" approach, and they are shooting themselves in the foot again.

Today, Apple announced its draconian subscription model for publications on the iPhone/iPad. It requires publishers to give an outrageous 30% of revenue to Apple. What is Google's cut for similar publications on Android? Zero. Android OS is already beating iOS on mobile phones with no signs of slowing down, and plenty of competitive Android tablets exist or are on the way. If you were a publisher, what platform would you focus on?

The answer is clear: Apple hasn't learned from their mistakes.

Update: Google introduced their OnePass service shortly after Apple, in which Google charges 10%. (A high rate if you ask me, but still not 30%)

Sunday, February 13, 2011

The Google B-school/MBA Ranking

The web is the best collection of human understanding/knowledge. And since Google can find related websites, I decided to see how Google and thus, everybody, thought business schools related to each other. The findings revealed a mix of rankings, geography, and other insights. So let's get to it...

Methodology
On Feb 13, 2011, I Googled [related:<b-school website>] for the world's top b-schools, and noted the order in which other b-school websites showed up in the top 20 Google results. Only b-school homepages were noted; I did not include University homepages, duplicates, Wikipedia articles, or other pages. The results may have been personalized according to Google's algorithms.

Relatedness Results
Index hbs.edu gsb.stanford.edu wharton.upenn.edu kellogg.northwestern.edu chicagobooth.edu mitsloan.mit.edu stern.nyu.edu www0.gsb.columbia.edu london.edu insead.edu haas.berkeley.edu mba.yale.edu fuqua.duke.edu iese.edu tuck.dartmouth.edu
1 Stanford GSB HBS HBS Chicago Booth Kellogg Stanford GSB Columbia GSB NYU/Stern Cass (C.U. of London) HEC Paris UCLA/Anderson Duke/Fuqua UNC/Kenan-Flagler IE Duke/Fuqua
2 Wharton MIT/Sloan Kellogg Wharton Wharton HBS Wharton Stanford GSB Manchester LBS USC/Marshall NYU/Stern Kellogg ESADE NYU/Stern
3 MIT/Sloan Chicago Booth Stanford GSB HBS Stanford GSB Kellogg CUNY Baruch HBS INSEAD IESE UC Davis GSM Wharton Virginia/Darden EAE Yale SoM
4 Kellogg Columbia GSB MIT/Sloan Stanford GSB HBS NYU/Stern HBS Duke/Fuqua Warwick HBS Stanford GSB Stanford GSB Haas EADA Kellogg
5 Chicago Booth Haas Chicago Booth MIT/Sloan Haas Wharton Kellogg Wharton HBS ESSEC HBS MIT/Sloan Columbia GSB INSEAD Columbia GSB
6 Columbia GSB Wharton NYU/Stern NYU/Stern Duke/Fuqua Chicago Booth Columbia GSB MIT/Sloan Wharton IE Duke/Fuqua Columbia GSB Chicago Booth Rotterdam SoM (Erasmus) Virginia/Darden
7 LBS Kellogg Columbia GSB Duke/Fuqua NYU/Stern Haas Chicago Booth Chicago Booth IESE Wharton MIT/Sloan Tuck NYU/Stern LBS Stanford GSB
8 INSEAD NYU/Stern LBS Columbia GSB MIT/Sloan Columbia GSB Haas Kellogg IE ESCP Chicago Booth HBS HBS HEC Chicago Booth
9 Boston U Yale SoM Haas Haas Columbia GSB Purdue/Krannert LBS Yale SoM Stanford GSB SMU (Singapore) Kellogg Chicago Booth Wharton Oxford/Said Wharton
10 NYU/Stern LBS INSEAD LBS Tuck Duke/Fuqua TRIUM (executive mba) Haas LSBF Stanford GSB Columbia GSB Kellogg Goethe (Frankfurt) UIBS (Barcelona) MIT/Sloan
11 Yale SoM UCLA/Anderson Tuck Yale SoM Yale SoM Yale SoM LBS EBSL Kellogg NYU/Stern Oxford/Said NYU Stern Haas
12 INSEAD Duke/Fuqua LBS LBS Fordam GSB IE MIT/Sloan Virginia/Darden LBS Chicago Booth HBS
13 Yale SoM INSEAD Chicago Booth Wharton Uconn SoB HBS
14 Virginia/Darden Oxford/Said Rotterdam SoM (Erasmus) Tuck Thunderbird
15 Cambridge/Judge Oxford/Said Yale SoM
16 Boston University NYU/Stern
17 Columbia GSB
18 ESADE

Analysis
The rankings relationship comes through. For the "top six" schools, the first three results are a closed set: HBS, Stanford, Wharton, Kellogg, Booth, and Sloan all have a "top six" as their top three results without exception. We can even expand that trend to the top five results, and only four of 30 results are not "top six," with appearances by Haas (2), Columbia (1), and Stern (1).


The geographic relationships also stand out: Kellogg/Booth and Stern/Columbia pairings are the top results for each other. Fuqua has two other Southern schools (Kenan-Flagler and Darden) in the top three. Three of LBS' top four are from the UK and eight of all eleven are non-U.S.


Interestingly, for the excellent U.S. schools of Stern, Columbia, Haas, Yale, Fuqua, and Tuck, the relationship with "top six" schools is almost nonexistent in the top three results. Instead, the geography dominates, which explains the appearance of UC Davis and CUNY Baruch.

The European schools of LBS, INSEAD and IESE have rankings that are a mix of location and reputation. The geographic distance between the U.S. and Europe is clearly reflected in the fact that no U.S. schools are in their top three results. The relevance results for Asian b-schools (not shown) are nearly exclusively Asian b-schools, with no appearances by U.S. or European schools. It makes me wonder how much of the relevance disparity is a reflection of applicant location vs. quality vs. language vs. value of MBAs.

In the 192 relevance results, there are appearances by Darden, Fuqua, and Anderson but not a single mention of Ross! It's quite surprising, considering the ranking similar to those three schools, and the physical distance from Kellogg/Booth should also help. Anecdotally I know many people here at Kellogg who were deciding between Kellogg and Ross. Could this mean bad things for Ross?

"Google Rankings" Ideas
If we take HBS as the gold standard, we could simply rank schools by relevance to HBS. But we would still encounter location bias. Putting Boston U as #9 doesn't seem right.

  1. HBS
  2. Stanford GSB
  3. Wharton
  4. MIT/Sloan
  5. Kellogg
  6. Chicago Booth

If we go by the idea that school are defined by the company they keep, we greatly reduce the location bias and we can calculate the average relevance-distance that a school has from the "top six" schools. I only show it here for the top 6 schools, but there are few major surprises for the other schools that I looked at:

Distance Rank hbs.edu gsb.stanford.edu wharton.upenn.edu kellogg.northwestern.edu chicagobooth.edu mitsloan.mit.edu
Harvard Rank N/A 1 1 3 4 2
Stanford Rank 1 N/A 3 4 3 1
Wharton Rank 2 6 N/A 2 2 5
Kellogg Rank 4 7 2 N/A 1 3
Chicago Booth Rank 5 3 5 1 N/A 6
Sloan Rank 3 2 4 5 8 N/A
Average 3 3.8 3 3 3.6 3.4

These average ranks give us the following "Google B-School Ranking":

1. Harvard, Kellogg, Wharton [3]
4. Sloan [3.4]
5. Booth [3.6]
6. Stanford [3.8]

Non top-6 U.S. schools that I looked at have scores from 4 through 8.

There's a way to control for the distance in the Google Relevance rankings: you could add a distance column(s) and regress the data according to that. Then you might be able to get something similar to a true school quality/reputation ranking.